Features of nutrition in the prevention and treatment of somatic and neurological diseases
(literature review)  

Natalya A. Melnikova, Candidate of biological sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the sub-department of normal and pathological physiology, Medical Institute, Ogarev Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya street, Saransk, Russia), n_melnicowa@mail.ru
Darya V. Puzakova, Student, Medical Institute, Ogarev Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya street, Saransk, Russia), dashapuzakova.puzakova@yandex.ru
Dina G. Sedova, Candidate of biological sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the sub-department of normal and pathological physiology, Medical Institute, Ogarev Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya street, Saransk, Russia), sedova_dg@mail.ru
Elizaveta V. Razumova, Student, Medical Institute, Ogarev Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya street, Saransk, Russia), liza.kotlyarova.2001@mail.ru
Tatyana I. Vlasova, Doctor of medical sciences, professor, head of the sub-department of normal and pathological physiology, Medical Institute, Ogarev Mordovia State University (68 Bolshevistskaya street, Saransk, Russia), v.t.i@bk.ru

Somatic and neurological chronic diseases qualitatively change human life, re duce the level of his physical and psychological capabilities, which is especially important for cardiovascular diseases, which rank first among the factors of mortality and disability. The nature of nutrition, one of the important criteria and components of the somatic health of the population and therefore is an integral part of many health complexes and programs. In particular, in Russia, one of the areas of the national project “Demography” is the for mation of skills of proper, healthy nutrition in the population. The review article considers the most successfully used diet therapy in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, kidneys, skin, as well as some neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative ones. The knowledge presented in this review can help in the for mation of new comprehensive programs aimed at the prevention of chronic non communicable diseases in the population or at the rehabilitation of patients already suffer ing from these diseases.

chronic diseases, kidneys, cardiovascular diseases, neurology, skin, nutrition, diet, diet therapy, prevention

Melnikova N.A., Puzakova D.V., Sedova D.G., Razumova E.V., Vlasova T.I. Features of nutrition in the prevention and treatment of somatic and neurological diseases (literature review). Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Meditsinskie nauki = University proceedings. Volga region. Medical sciences. 2025;(2):83–98. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21685/2072-3032-2025-2-8